Supporting Images I - Chapter 12.

Figure 1.
Changes in the cold hardiness of Norstar winter wheat for the period September to May. Some of the factors responsible for these changes are shown at the bottom of the graph.

Figure 2.
Plants that enter the winter with well developed crowns have the best chance of winter survival. This plant emerged from a seeding depth of 1.5 inches (4 cm). A 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) long subcrown internode indicates that this seed was sown too deep.

Figure 3.
Wheat cultivars with a Norstar level of winter hardiness reduce the risk of significant winter damage in Western Canada.

Figure 4.
Winter wheat crops sown at the optimum date have the best chance of winter survival. They are also more competitive with weeds like Russian thistle.

Figure 5.
Seeding depths of 0.75 compared to 1.5 inch (2 vs 4 cm) often meant the difference between an undamaged and a severely winterkilled wheat crop following the high stress winter of 1984-1985 in Saskatchewan.

Figure 6.
Soil phosphorus deficiencies reduce the winter-survival potential of wheat. Correction of 20 lb/acre (22kg/ha) P2O5 deficiency significantly improved winter survival in this trial.