Metacognitive Cybernetics:

The Chess Master is No Longer Human

Daniel Mittelholtz
College of Graduate Studies
Educational Communications and Technology
College of Education
28 Campus Drive
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X1

Abstract

As we approach the next millenium most humans are facing serious concerns about being overtaken, even consumed, by the very technologies meant to make their lives easier. Educational Technologists (and many others in related fields) have been given the task of designing learning systems which can take advantage of new technologies and apply them to traditional learning paradigms. Such systems today can not be developed within the constraints of traditional Ò...group-based, time-based, teacher-as-primary-source-of-instruction model of educationÓ (Reiser & Salisbury, 1995). Our hope is to develop learning systems which can utilize second order artificial intelligence capable of automating its decision making processes to adapt to the needs of the learner and be ÔcognisantÕ of all the implications and nuances of that ÔstyleÕ or model presented to the learner and be maleable internally (self-correcting) and externally (by the learner) in order to engender a rich world schema in which learners can emerse themselves. The system will then make ongoing adjustments as it interacts with each new learner. We are therefore faced with the challenge of developing learning systems which take on human characteristics, combining cognisance and mechanical immediacy in its serving the needs of the learner. Such a Metacognitive Cybernetic (MC) model seems to be utopian and the stuff of science fiction, yet there are a number of research projects which are moving in this direction and elements of such models are appearing in embryonic form today that bode well for the future. In this paper I hope to describe some of these projects and technologies, how they are changing the way humans and technologies are converging to deliver new learning experiences and perhaps how such developments are portending the creation of new learning theories born from the seeds of this technological (r)evolution.