From: IN%"christie_julia@hotmail.com" "Julia Christie" 16-JAN-2004 06:02:45.31 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: human-animal interactions Hi Has anyone come across any research looking at the behaviour of animals towards people with learning disabilities? Many thanks, Joolz Christie From: IN%"mappleby@hsus.org" "Michael Appleby" 16-JAN-2004 08:21:24.58 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: human-animal interactions Julia You might investigate the dolphin literature. I refereed a paper some time ago that looked at dolphins' behaviour with handicapped people taken to swim with them as therapy. I don't know if it was published, but there might be others. Mike Michael C. Appleby (Dr) Vice-President Farm Animals and Sustainable Agriculture The Humane Society of the United States 2100 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA Switchboard 1 202 452 1100 Direct 1 301 258 3111 Fax 1 301 258 3081 Email mappleby@hsus.org -----Original Message----- From: Julia Christie [mailto:christie_julia@hotmail.com] Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 7:04 AM To: Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca Subject: human-animal interactions Hi Has anyone come across any research looking at the behaviour of animals towards people with learning disabilities? Many thanks, Joolz Christie From: IN%"mappleby@hsus.org" "Michael Appleby" 16-JAN-2004 09:18:58.76 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: FW: RE: human-animal interactions This was sent to me. I haven't checked the paper. Mike -----Original Message----- From: XIAO Jianqiang [mailto:akhan@263.net] Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 9:42 AM To: Michael Appleby Subject: Re: RE: human-animal interactions Mike, The paper was published in Applied Animal Behaviour Science. Behavioural responses of captive common dolphins Delphinus delphis to a `Swim-with-Dolphin' programme, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Volume 81, Issue 2, 19 April 2003, Pages 163-170 D. J. Kyngdon, E. O. Minot and K. J. Stafford XIAO >Julia > >You might investigate the dolphin literature. I refereed a paper some >time ago that looked at dolphins' behaviour with handicapped people >taken to swim with them as therapy. I don't know if it was published, >but there might be others. > >Mike > >Michael C. Appleby (Dr) >Vice-President >Farm Animals and Sustainable Agriculture >The Humane Society of the United States >2100 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA >Switchboard 1 202 452 1100 >Direct 1 301 258 3111 >Fax 1 301 258 3081 >Email mappleby@hsus.org > >-----Original Message----- >From: Julia Christie [mailto:christie_julia@hotmail.com] >Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 7:04 AM >To: Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca >Subject: human-animal interactions > > >Hi > >Has anyone come across any research looking at the behaviour of animals >towards people with learning disabilities? > >Many thanks, > >Joolz Christie ================================= XIAO Jianqiang Institute of Hydrobiology The Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan, Hubei, 430072 China xiaojq@ihb.ac.cn ================================= From: IN%"jwillard@turbonet.com" "Janice Willard" 16-JAN-2004 11:26:33.43 To: IN%"olsson@ibmc.up.pt" "Anna Olsson" CC: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Hi Anna, I don't have scientific evidence but I can provide an anecdote and a = historical story. When I moved onto my farm two decades ago, it came with a barn cat that, = I was told, was 6th generation in that barn. She had a litter of = kittens that first year and, being partial to calicos, I kept a calico = kitten, who, because of her unusual voice, earned the name Squeaky (I = lost the mom shortly after that--disappeared for reasons unknown). = Squeaky was an awesome hunter and over the years taught me much about = cats (for example, one always hears that cats are nocturnal by = preference--but I always found her holed up in the barn at night and saw = her out hunting in the day--casting that generalization to the wind). =20 Although we live right in the middle of one of this country's primo = grain growing areas, rats are generally only seen near the grain = elevators, while out here in the farmland one generally sees deer mice = and field voles. However, one night, I came into the grain room and = found a rat trapped in the grain bin. While still wondering what to do = about it, Squeaky came in the room. Humans must move in slow-motion to = cats because what followed happened in the blink of an eye. I remember = seeing Squeaky's whiskers twitch. She launched herself into the grain = bin and a furious battle broke out. Moments later she jumped out of the = bin with the still live rat held by the back of the neck. She landed on = the floor and then proceeded to choke down the rat. It took her longer = to dispatch it than the mice I usually had seen her kill. After it was = dead, she looked up and made eye contact with me, then dragged it off to = a corner to consume. I presume she brought the rat out of the grain bin = to finish killing because of the poor footing there. Squeaky died about a year later of an unrelated disease and shortly = later, I found rats again in my barn. None of my other cats would hunt = them, even when I found them captive like the previous one. Sop one = could conclude that *some* cats will hunt rats and there are probably a = number of factors that determine this. Cats learn what to eat by watching their mother, so this could have been = a factor. However Squeaky's personality was notable. I had intended to = have her spayed after her first litter of kittens, but she gained some = word of mouth notoriety and after a while I had people coming looking = for her kittens, both as barn cats and also as highly obstreperous and = outgoing house cats. At one point, my mother, my sister and I all had = Squeaky Kittens and would trade stories of their exploits. I still have = two Squeaky Kittens who are now in their teens--one who had come back to = me after my mother died. Than one, named Chaos, has an assertive = personality just like her mother and had no problems moving back into my = house, moving rapidly to a position of authority over the other cats.=20 Also to consider is the situation in the mid 1990s in Vietnam. There, = because of an improved economy across the border in China, where eating = cats is a delicacy, there became a strong trade in poachers catching = farm cats from Vietnamese farming villages and smuggling them across the = border to be served in "Little Tiger" restaurants. The rat population = then exploded and the rats were consuming so much grain, millions of = tons of it, that the Vietnamese were looking at widespread famine and = economic ruin. The government responded by closing all "Little Tiger" = restaurants in the country, cracking down on the smugglers and launching = a public awareness campaign aimed at getting farmers to better protect = their cats "Kill the Rats, Save the Cats." I read about this in the = International newspaper that I subscribed to when I lived in Japan in = 1996 and 1997. I'm sure this story could be researched and verified and = presents evidence that cats on a population level had a tremendous = effect in controlling rat populations, to the point that their removal = from this niche almost brought about widespread human famine and = economic depression. Based on this, I would say that certainly some cats will kill rats and = are able to do so with relative ease. Even if an adult rat is too large = to take on, cats would reduce the rat population and prevent explosive = growth by taking out the adolescents. I saw Squeaky do something = similar on my place when we had several feral domestic rabbits move = under the barn. The rabbits were very clever and we couldn't catch = them. We didn't want them "breeding like rabbits" and starting a large = feral population. But this never happened because as soon as their = babies came out of the nest, Squeaky got them. We only managed to save = a few of the babies and never had a feral population establish itself. = I imagine that a similar thing could happen with smaller rats in areas = where the adults are too large for the average cat to hunt. I also wanted to mention that the deer mice in my area carry Hantavirus. = A woman in our town died of this several years ago. This is one = wildlife population where there is a vested interest in keeping it at = low numbers. Most farmers in my area keep barn cats for the express = purpose of keeping the rodent populations down. One needs to remember = that this is not a natural situation--if there were no human = manipulation (grain farming) of this environment, the rodents would be = in lower numbers. However, we create rodent habitat by growing grain. = When people argue that it is "natural" for there to be rodents but the = presence of cats is "un-natural," I always want to point out that we = create the environments in which both rodents and cats thrive. A postscript to my Squeaky tale is that when she died, I knew of a = number of her kittens, as various family members had them, but the = younger generation had all been spayed and have lived as housecats. So = I will no longer have cats of the Squeaky lineage living on my barn. I = know this is not "politically correct," but I find that kind of sad.=20 What is the list where the cats and rats discussion is brewing? I would = be interested in seeing some of the discussion. There are many good = points on both sides of this issue. Janice Janice Willard, DVM, MS =20 ----- Original Message -----=20 From: Anna Olsson=20 To: applied ethology=20 Sent: Thursday, January 15, 2004 3:10 AM Subject: rats, cats and ecological balance Dear all, I'm following a lively discussion on another list about the role of = cats as pest controllers versus wildlife destructors. The discussion is = as I said lively and opinions diverge: whilst one argues that cats are = too small and light-weight to be able to fight rats, another argues that = cats might even kill roedeer kids... It would be nice to drop some = scientific 'evidence' into the melting pot - can anyone help? Anna Olsson From: IN%"rr25@cus.cam.ac.uk" "R. Rodd" 16-JAN-2004 12:01:46.32 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance A literature search on predation by domestic and european wild cats suggests it's fairly well proved that small (vole-sized) rodents are by far their most common prey. No-one so far as I can see has investigated the deterrent effects of domestic cats scientifically. Unscientifically, when my own locality had an infestation of rats as a result of work on the sewers I didn't get rats in my house or garden in spite of the fact that none of my cats ever to my knowledge caught any of them. Author(s): Moleon M; Gil-Sanchez JM Title: Food habits of the wildcat (Felis silvestris) in a peculiar habitat: the Mediterranean high mountain Source: JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2003, Vol 260, pp 17-22 Author(s): Woods M; McDonald RA; Harris S Title: Predation of wildlife by domestic cats Felis catus in Great Britain Source: MAMMAL REVIEW 2003, Vol 33, Iss 2, pp 174-188 Author(s): Schneider MF Title: Habitat loss, fragmentation and predator impact: Spatial implications for prey conservation Source: JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2001, Vol 38, Iss 4, pp 720-735 Author(s): Gil-Sanchez JM; Valenzuela G; Sanchez JF Title: Iberian wild cat Felis silvestris tartessia predation on rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: functional response and age selection Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1999, Vol 44, Iss 4, pp 421-428 Author(s): Sarmento P Title: Feeding ecology of the European wildcat Felis silvestris in Portugal Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1996, Vol 41, Iss 4, pp 409-414 Author(s): Nogales M; Medina FM Title: A review of the diet of feral domestic cats (Felis silvestris f catus) on the Canary Islands, with new data from the laurel forest of La Gomera Source: ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY 1996, Vol 61, Iss 1, pp 1-6 ---------------------------------------- Rosemary Rodd Literary & Linguistic Computing Centre Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA 01223 335029 From: IN%"sbc@kvl.dk" "Stine B Christiansen" 16-JAN-2004 12:13:52.68 To: IN%"olsson@ibmc.up.pt", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: Vedr.: rats, cats and ecological balance Hi Anna, A good source for an overview would be: Turner, D.C. & Bateson,P. (eds): The Domestic Cat - the biology of its = behaviour, 2nd ed. 2000, Cambridge University Press. The book has a chapter by Fitzgerald, B.M. and Turner, D.C. on "hunting = behaviour of domestic cats and their impact on prey populations" which = gives a review of studies on topics such as "prey size" and "effects on = prey populations".=20 A few conclusions that could be extracted are that: Cats are highly adaptable and choice of prey will depend on eg early = experiences and prey availability. Cats can catch animals their own size, but generally will go for smaller = prey, typically the youngs. As for pest control cats are thus better at preventing a "pest population" = from establishing itself in a particular area, rather than eradicating an = existing population. As for cats posing a threat to wildlife normal fluctuation in population = sizes makes it hard to assess exactly what impact cats' hunting may have. = Over all it seems that cats can pose a threat locally (which eg can be = annoying in ones garden for those who like birds), but apart from isolated = areas (on islands), cats are unlikely to pose a real threat (as in = eradication) to a population a such.=20 Stine Stine B. Christiansen cand.med.vet. (DVM), MSc, PhD-stud. Det Dyreetiske R=E5d/The Danish Animal Ethics Council Center for Bioetik og Risikovurdering/Centre for Bioethics and Risk = Assessment Den Kgl. Veterin=E6r- og Landboh=F8jskole/The Royal Veterinary and = Agricultural University Bioetik/Bioethics Gr=F8nneg=E5rdsvej 8 1870 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark tlf./ph.: +45 3528 3075 fax: +45 3528 3022 e-mail: sbc@kvl.dk=20 >>> Anna Olsson 15-01-04 12:10 >>> Dear all, I'm following a lively discussion on another list about the role of cats = as pest controllers versus wildlife destructors. The discussion is as I = said lively and opinions diverge: whilst one argues that cats are too = small and light-weight to be able to fight rats, another argues that cats = might even kill roedeer kids... It would be nice to drop some scientific = 'evidence' into the melting pot - can anyone help? Anna Olsson From: IN%"stammwood@rcn.com" 16-JAN-2004 12:37:38.60 To: IN%"mappleby@hsus.org" "Michael Appleby" CC: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" Subj: RE: human-animal interactions Julia, also try the Delta Society site: http://www.deltasociety.org/aaat.htm North Star Foundation trains service dogs for children with a variety of developmental disabilities: http://www.northstardogs.com/ Patty Dobbs-Gross has a wealth of information on the topic and is wonderful to talk to. I have a friend who does animal assisted therapy in an adult facility for adults with developmental disabilities. He's an MD and has filmed many of the sessions. If you like, I can put you in contact with him. And on a personal note, for a short time I had a Malinois who had a lot of fear aggression issues who has since been rehomed to a less stressful envirnoment. I made the mistake of taking him with me to relatives one XMas. He was very uncomfortable and did some bark/lunges at passing people. The family has a daughter, then 20, with Downs. She had a very special connection to the dog. She went over and sat by him, petting him and telling him she understood he was nervous. He spent the rest of the afternoon with her on the floor with his head calmly resting on her lap. Hope this is helpful. Cissy Michael Appleby wrote: > Julia > > > > You might investigate the dolphin literature. I refereed a paper some > time ago that looked at dolphins' behaviour with handicapped people > taken to swim with them as therapy. I don't know if it was > published, but there might be others. > > > > Mike > > Michael C. Appleby (Dr) > Vice-President > Farm Animals and Sustainable Agriculture > The Humane Society of the United States > 2100 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA > Switchboard 1 202 452 1100 > Direct 1 301 258 3111 > Fax 1 301 258 3081 > Email mappleby@hsus.org > > -----Original Message----- > From: Julia Christie [mailto:christie_julia@hotmail.com] > Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 7:04 AM > To: Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca > Subject: human-animal interactions > > Hi > > > > Has anyone come across any research looking at the behaviour > of animals towards people with learning disabilities? > > > > Many thanks, > > > > Joolz Christie > From: IN%"Rexxie1@aol.com" 16-JAN-2004 12:49:14.42 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: human-animal interactions Julia, Also try The Latham Foundation, a long-established organization focusing on the human animal bond. http://www.latham.org/ Marlene Halverson Animal Welfare Institute From: IN%"stammwood@rcn.com" 16-JAN-2004 12:55:59.49 To: CC: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Another historical story - don't know if it's true but probably easy to research. The various black plagues in Europe coincided with paranoia over cats being associated with the devil, witches, etc. At that time they (cats) were killed on sight. No cats = lots of rats = plague. Cissy Janice Willard wrote: > Hi Anna, > > > > I don't have scientific evidence but I can provide an anecdote and a > historical story. > From: IN%"oryctolagus@earthlink.net" "h.m." 16-JAN-2004 13:00:59.69 To: IN%"rr25@cus.cam.ac.uk" "'R. Rodd'", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance No-one so far as I can see has investigated the deterrent effects of domestic cats scientifically. -- I don't have the reference but yes this has been studied. It would have been a study done in around the 1970's. -----Original Message----- From: R. Rodd [mailto:rr25@cus.cam.ac.uk] Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 10:56 AM To: applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca Subject: Re: rats, cats and ecological balance A literature search on predation by domestic and european wild cats suggests it's fairly well proved that small (vole-sized) rodents are by far their most common prey. No-one so far as I can see has investigated the deterrent effects of domestic cats scientifically. Unscientifically, when my own locality had an infestation of rats as a result of work on the sewers I didn't get rats in my house or garden in spite of the fact that none of my cats ever to my knowledge caught any of them. Author(s): Moleon M; Gil-Sanchez JM Title: Food habits of the wildcat (Felis silvestris) in a peculiar habitat: the Mediterranean high mountain Source: JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2003, Vol 260, pp 17-22 Author(s): Woods M; McDonald RA; Harris S Title: Predation of wildlife by domestic cats Felis catus in Great Britain Source: MAMMAL REVIEW 2003, Vol 33, Iss 2, pp 174-188 Author(s): Schneider MF Title: Habitat loss, fragmentation and predator impact: Spatial implications for prey conservation Source: JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2001, Vol 38, Iss 4, pp 720-735 Author(s): Gil-Sanchez JM; Valenzuela G; Sanchez JF Title: Iberian wild cat Felis silvestris tartessia predation on rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: functional response and age selection Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1999, Vol 44, Iss 4, pp 421-428 Author(s): Sarmento P Title: Feeding ecology of the European wildcat Felis silvestris in Portugal Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1996, Vol 41, Iss 4, pp 409-414 Author(s): Nogales M; Medina FM Title: A review of the diet of feral domestic cats (Felis silvestris f catus) on the Canary Islands, with new data from the laurel forest of La Gomera Source: ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY 1996, Vol 61, Iss 1, pp 1-6 ---------------------------------------- Rosemary Rodd Literary & Linguistic Computing Centre Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA 01223 335029 From: IN%"coape@nildram.co.uk" "Robin Walker" 16-JAN-2004 14:50:26.29 To: IN%"oryctolagus@earthlink.net" "'h.m.'", IN%"rr25@cus.cam.ac.uk" "'R. Rodd'", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Hit Google with "rats innate fear of cat urine" There is a large literature go "fetch!" Robin -----Original Message----- From: h.m. [mailto:oryctolagus@earthlink.net] Sent: 16 January 2004 19:01 To: 'R. Rodd'; applied-ethology@skyway.usask.ca Subject: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance No-one so far as I can see has investigated the deterrent effects of domestic cats scientifically. -- I don't have the reference but yes this has been studied. It would have been a study done in around the 1970's. -----Original Message----- From: R. Rodd [mailto:rr25@cus.cam.ac.uk] Sent: Friday, January 16, 2004 10:56 AM To: applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca Subject: Re: rats, cats and ecological balance A literature search on predation by domestic and european wild cats suggests it's fairly well proved that small (vole-sized) rodents are by far their most common prey. No-one so far as I can see has investigated the deterrent effects of domestic cats scientifically. Unscientifically, when my own locality had an infestation of rats as a result of work on the sewers I didn't get rats in my house or garden in spite of the fact that none of my cats ever to my knowledge caught any of them. Author(s): Moleon M; Gil-Sanchez JM Title: Food habits of the wildcat (Felis silvestris) in a peculiar habitat: the Mediterranean high mountain Source: JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2003, Vol 260, pp 17-22 Author(s): Woods M; McDonald RA; Harris S Title: Predation of wildlife by domestic cats Felis catus in Great Britain Source: MAMMAL REVIEW 2003, Vol 33, Iss 2, pp 174-188 Author(s): Schneider MF Title: Habitat loss, fragmentation and predator impact: Spatial implications for prey conservation Source: JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2001, Vol 38, Iss 4, pp 720-735 Author(s): Gil-Sanchez JM; Valenzuela G; Sanchez JF Title: Iberian wild cat Felis silvestris tartessia predation on rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: functional response and age selection Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1999, Vol 44, Iss 4, pp 421-428 Author(s): Sarmento P Title: Feeding ecology of the European wildcat Felis silvestris in Portugal Source: ACTA THERIOLOGICA 1996, Vol 41, Iss 4, pp 409-414 Author(s): Nogales M; Medina FM Title: A review of the diet of feral domestic cats (Felis silvestris f catus) on the Canary Islands, with new data from the laurel forest of La Gomera Source: ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SAUGETIERKUNDE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN BIOLOGY 1996, Vol 61, Iss 1, pp 1-6 ---------------------------------------- Rosemary Rodd Literary & Linguistic Computing Centre Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA 01223 335029 From: IN%"olsson@ibmc.up.pt" "Anna Olsson" 16-JAN-2004 16:05:21.71 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Thanks to all of you who responded to my question! For a demonstration of the mutual rat-cat fear, go to http://www.ratlife.com, enter into the site, choose Cat Alert and 1) watch the video clip 2) read the text. Best wishes Anna O From: IN%"wheep@igrin.co.nz" 16-JAN-2004 17:59:50.27 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Both our cats here kill the large Norwegian rats that are a serious pest in this part of NZ - which are then brought to us as if they were trophies for inspection. Unlike mice or rabbits, which are eaten neither cat eats rats. These are, however, the first cats we have had living with us that have been reliable rat hunters. Regards Andy Beck White Horse Equine Ethology Project 433 Wharepunga Rd RD3 Kaikohe Northland Aotearoa - New Zealand http://www.equine-behavior.com http://www.equine-social-behavior.org http://www.equine-ethology.ac.nz From: IN%"olsson@ibmc.up.pt" "Anna Olsson" 19-JAN-2004 15:28:49.99 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca", IN%"ANIMAL-BEHAVIOUR@JISCMAIL.ac.uk" CC: Subj: student looking for experience in wildlife conservation etc Dear all, A student of mine is looking for practical experience in wildlife conservation/reintroduction/welfare for a period of 6-12 months starting September 2004 anywhere in the world. She is a final-year biology student with some experience of behaviour studies. She will be looking for grants to fund her stay, although any contribution towards travel or lodging costs will of course be appreciated. If anyone knows of potentially interesting contacts, I will forward the information to her. Best wishes Anna Olsson Dr Anna Olsson Postdoctoral research fellow Animal Behaviour and Welfare - Bioethics Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology - IBMC Rua Campo Alegre 823 4150-180 Porto Phone +351 22 607 4900 Fax +351 22 6099157 From: IN%"honeyq@ksu.edu" "Kari Wallentine" 20-JAN-2004 11:56:00.09 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: new listserv member Hi, I recently joined the Applied-Ethology listserv and was asked to introduce myself. I graduated from Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine in May 2003 and am now a graduate student within the Animal Sciences & Industry department at KSU where I am pursuing a Masters degree in Animal Behavior. I hope to do my research on canine thunderstorm phobia. Other interests of mine include: clinical behavioral medicine in general as well as separation anxiety, other noise phobias, feline inappropriate elimination and obsessive-compulsive disorders/stereotypies. I am currently in the process of researching/finding literature on thunderstorm phobias and related issues. If you know of any resources, articles, etc. that pertain to this topic, would you please send me the information? I appreciate any help you might be able to give me. Thank you! Kari Wallentine, DVM Manhattan, KS honeyq@ksu.edu From: IN%"saluqi@ix.netcom.com" "John Burchard" 20-JAN-2004 13:02:37.15 To: IN%"olsson@ibmc.up.pt" "Anna Olsson", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" "Applied ethology list" CC: Subj: RE: rats, cats and ecological balance Anna Olsson wrote: > I'm following a lively discussion on another list about the role of cats as > pest controllers versus wildlife destructors. The discussion is as I said > lively and opinions diverge: whilst one argues that cats are too small and > light-weight to be able to fight rats, another argues that cats might even > kill roedeer kids... It would be nice to drop some scientific 'evidence' into > the melting pot - can anyone help? Several others have posted very pertinent references, which I was glad to see. All I can offer is a couple of semi-anecdotal sidelights . The French naturalist Jean-Henri Fabre wrote at length about his semi-feral farm cats and his experiments on their homing ability - I suppose it is somewhere in his voluminous "Souvenirs Entomologiques" but after more than 50 years please don't ask me where . I remember descriptions of rabbit predation in that material. Perhaps in a book rendered into English as "The Mason Bees"?? In Germany, where I lived, worked and hunted in 1958-1965, the hunting laws used to stipulate that any cat found more than 200 meters from an inhabited dwelling could be shot by a hunter at any time. Paul Leyhausen, a well-known cat behavior specialist then working as an external member of our Institute (the Max Planck Institute for Behavior Physiology, of which Konrad Lorenz was then Director of the Ethology division), objected to this and wrote at some length about domestic cat hunting territories and behavior. He described cats as having a series of small hunting areas strung out along regularly trodden paths in a more or less linear arrangement which may extend much farther than 200 meters. I don't have those references at the tip of my pen, but no doubt a bibliographic search for "Leyhausen, Paul" would turn them up. I should think killing a roedeer fawn would be a very rare event. Very young roedeer fawns lie quite still and give off almost no scent, so would be found only by accident even by a more active and better equipped predator such as a fox. The greatest danger to young roe deer in my experience was mowing machines. If you mow two circuits around the perimeter of a field, and then leave it overnight, most of the deer will go elsewhere, but it was hard to persuade farmers to do that. Roe deer fawns lie motionless until the mower is upon them; then they stand up and get their legs cut off. This happens with distressing frequency because roe deer fawns are born just about the time hay mowing begins, and unmowed tall grass meadows are a preferred place for the does to hide them. Very sad. One of the problems with feral domestic cats is that unlike their wild ancestors they form colonies, often supported by well-meaning humans who feed them, and so create a quite unbiological high density of predators in a small local area. In California there has been a philanthropic fund which subsidizes veterinarians to surgically neuter trapped feral cats, which are then released again at the place where they were captured. This is more effective at reducing the reproductive rate than removing the cats altogether, in part because removed animals, males in particular, will be replaced quickly from the surrounding area, and also because cat lovers object strongly to the killing of even feral cats, but will cooperate to some extent with efforts to curb their prodigious multiplication. Cat lovers sometimes contribute to the ecological problem posed by domestic cats. In the small New England town where I lived until recently, a neighbor lady, living alone, used to feed numbers of cats, which came and went in the neighborhood. At one point Animal Control raided her house and removed 83 cats. That left only about 40 (!) which she continued to feed, and which continued to multiply enthusiastically. In an old New England town of closely spaced houses with small yards, the neighborhood nuisance created by so many cats was of course considerable - every vegetable garden and flower bed for blocks around was used as a cat latrine - but the damage to local populations of small birds, shrews, amphibians, snakes etc. may have been even more significant. The prey spectrum of domestic cats is AFAIK heavily weighted toward small rodents. It is nevertheless their depredations on songbirds which seem to attract the most public attention. Question arising: is that because people prefer birds to mice, or is the impact of cat predation on bird populations at least locally of special significance? My own unscientific observations suggest that cats can be rather efficient at mopping up the newly fledged young of many songbird species. That is partly because most songbirds leave the nest well before they can fly properly, and spend the next few days hopping and fluttering around in low vegetation. There is a perfectly good biological reason for that: it minimizes the length of the nestling period, during which a predator such as a snake or mustelid can find and wipe out an entire brood at one stroke. Once the young have left the nest they are dispersed and predators must find them individually. That behavior does, however, make them rather vulnerable, in a suburban environment, to predation by the abnormally high density of cats which commonly occurs in that situation. John -- Dr. John Burchard Tepe Gawra Salukis http://saluqi.home.netcom.com/ saluqi@ix.netcom.com From: IN%"oryctolagus@earthlink.net" "h.m." 23-JAN-2004 13:55:21.92 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: FW: Rabbit and stackable baby cups My 12-18 month old rabbit, Inky, has a set of those stackable plastic baby cups. Since rabbits are very fond of fitting their food dish into their water dish and collecting all their toys into their water dish, I put these all over his play area to see what eventually he might do. I was hoping he might end up stacking 3 of them. Instead, I walked in to discover that he had lined them up. Now, to do this he had to carry them from all over (from behind the wicker tent, under a fleece blanket etc.) and line them up. Not only that, but the cups are lined up big cup, small one, big, small etc. It is very amazing. It took him a lot of work to get this done, to space them and line them up. http://community.webshots.com/photo/71753495/113131343PlikQR It took many years of experiments for folks to recognize how smart Alex the gray parrot is - house rabbits are showing owners that they are exceedingly smart. I thought that this line up of the plastic cups, which took a lot of work, was amazing. He can't see well close up and can probably only see greens and blues well - so this was all done by weight/feel and touch. If you consider a rabbit's color vision, it might be possible that he sorted them by color or value even. It is a coincidence I suppose that the red and orange cups are next to the wooden orange carrot flavored stick? When you look at the photo (I didn't touch / move anything) please remember this picture next time you see a meat rabbit in a small commercial rabbitry cage; or, you eat one for supper. They are smart creative animals. Heather From: IN%"jwillard@turbonet.com" "Janice Willard" 23-JAN-2004 15:41:35.20 To: IN%"oryctolagus@earthlink.net" "h.m." CC: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" Subj: RE: Rabbit and stackable baby cups >When you look at the photo (I didn't touch / move anything) please = remember this picture next time you see a meat rabbit in a small = commercial rabbitry cage; or, you eat one for supper. They are smart = creative animals. =20 Heather Hi Heather, Thank you for sharing the story and pictures of Inky and his interesting = behavior. It does give one pause for thought. After reading your post, I took a break for work and went outside to = check my critters. Two of my geese are on the other side of the fence = down by the stream and since their usual passageway is blocked with a = snow drift, I was interested to see how they are going to figure out how = to come up to the barn. They seem unconcerned but a gander up in the = barnyard apparently doesn't like them being down there and has been = making an unholy racket all morning. After checking the geese, I went = into the barn and found one of my goats, yet again, loose in the center = of the barn, having, yet again, figured her way out of the goat pen. = Peeking in the back corral, I disturbed the 4 llamas who were lying = under a shelter away from the blowing snow. The youngest llama, who = thinks he is a horse, got up, looked around, started bleating and then = ran down the hill to where the horses were, looking for the mare who = thinks she is his mother. In the center of my barn is a very old ewe = who is seperated from the rest of flock because she is in late pregnancy = and very wobbly on her feet. When I refilled the water trough in the = sheep side of the barn, she tried to sneak past me and get back to the = rest of the flock--a neat trick she almost accomplished were it not for = her considerable girth. She did succed, though, ungainly as she is, to = chase my (supposidly smarter) border collie around the center of the = barn until he gave up trying to stay next to me and headed back to the = house. All this took place in the 15 minutes after I read your phrase = (paraphrased here) "remember this before you eat one for supper. They = are smart creative animals." Every animal type I visited in that 15 = minutes is eaten for food and all of them are smart and creative, = probably more so than most people give them credit (including sheep, to = whom a lot of dumb animal comments are directed). Probably more so than = we will ever be able to realize, as we don't live inside their wool or = feathers. Even at our best, we can only glimps a sliver of the world = they perceive. I think all food animals are worthy of respect and we = should always regard them with a certian humility. Probably one of my = greatest pet peeves is when talking with a wildlife biologist, or even = person of the general public, who seems to think that there is some = inherant nobility to a wild animal that domestic animals somehow lack. = These are people with deliberate blinders who are not willing to see = what is before their very eyes. And it also reminds me that, in = addition to being worthy of our respect, all domestic animals, even = those destined for the dinner plate, are also deserving of our kindness = and this is independant of their intelligence. =20 =20 Janice Janice Willard, DVM, MS From: IN%"k9.college_napier@xtra.co.nz" "John R Lane" 25-JAN-2004 17:27:24.88 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: Age of Vassopressin production Hi there fellow listers, I beleive that William Campbell applied canine behaviourist is a member of this list. A couple of years ago In APDTA magazine there was a series where his dog behavioural quizz was serialised. One of these questions was in regard to the age of reliability of night house training of young pups. The answer postulated that the production of the antidiuretic hormone Vassporessin ( I hope I have the spelling right) which aids in a pups ability to last a night reliably without having to urinate doesn't occur in sufficient quantities till approximately six months of age. I accepted this at face value at the time but because I now want a deeper understanding of the actual mechanics of this process I have since done a search of many of my references both on the web and in reference book/papers sources and asked veterinary associates to reference more info on this subject. I have up till this point been unable to find mention of this type time frame. If you are here Mr campbell would you please provide me with references or reasons for this hypothesis or can anyone please cite reference material on the mechanics of the actions and time frame of production of this hormone in canines? Regards John L. New Zealand From: IN%"adpvo@yahoo.com" "Andreia De Paula Vieira" 25-JAN-2004 20:02:15.38 To: IN%"k9.college_napier@xtra.co.nz" "John R Lane", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: Age of Vassopressin production Dear John, I am not the person that you are looking for, but I would like to suggest you some references... Maybe you would find these articles useful. Good luck! Andreia Vieira 1) Hemodynamic effects of tracheal administration of vasopressin in dogs, Resuscitation, Volume 50, Issue 2, Pages 227-232 (August 2001) Ori Efrati, Asher Barak, Ron Ben-Abraham, Avi A. Weinbroum, Danny Lotan, Yossi Manistersky, Jakob Yahav, Zohar Barzilay and Gideon Paret 2) Vasopressin, renin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels during the resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in dogs1, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages 405-408 (May 2000) Aysun Yilmazlar, Tuncay Yilmazlar, Berin Özcan and Oya Kutlay 3) Cardiovascular and renal effects of conivaptan hydrochloride (YM087), a vasopressin V1A and V2 receptor antagonist, in dogs with pacing-induced congestive heart failure, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 376, Issue 3, Pages 239-246 (9 July 1999) Takeyuki Yatsu, Yuichi Tomura, AtsuoTahara, Koh-ichi Wada, Toshiyuki Kusayama, Junko Tsukada, Tomoko Tokioka, Wataru Uchida, Osamu Inagaki, Yuichi Iizumi et al. 4) Central cardiovascular effects of tacrine in the conscious dog: a role for catecholamines and vasopressin release, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 348, Issues 2-3, Pages 191-198 (8 May 1998) Cuider Allal, Eric Lazartigues, Marie-Antoinette Tran, Christine Brefel-Courbon, Claude Gharib, Jean-Louis Montastruc and Olivier Rascol 5) Pharmacological profile of YM087, a novel nonpeptide dual vasopressin V1A and V2 receptor antagonist, in dogs, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 321, Issue 2, Pages 225-230 (26 February 1997) Takeyuki Yatsu, Yuichi Tomura, Atsuo Tahara, Koh-ichi Wada, Junko Tsukada, Wataru Uchida, Akihiro Tanaka and Toichi Takenaka 6) Long-term Oral Vasopressin V1 Receptor Antagonist Therapy Prevented Chronic Ventricular Remodeling in Conscious Dogs, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Volume 25, Issue 2, Supplement 1, Page 413A (February 1995) Masashi Kambayashi, Toshiaki Kumada, Yoshitaka Yamamura, Noboru Ishikawa, Fujimasa Kohno and Shigetake SasayamaToshiyuki Onogawa 7) Chronic glucocorticoid excess and impaired osmoregulation of vasopressin release in dogs with hepatic encephalopathy, Domestic Animal Endocrinology, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 13-24 (January 1995) J. Rothuizen, W. J. Biewenga and J. A. Mol 8) Effects of vasopressin on regional cerebral blood flow in dogs, Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System, Volume 49, Supplement 1, Pages 133-136 (September 1994) Shinichiro Tsugane, Yoshio Suzuki, Masakazu Takayasu, Masato Shibuya and Kenichiro Sugita 9) Differing effects of vasopressin on regional cerebral blood flow of dogs following intracisternal vs. intra-arterial administration, Life Sciences, Volume 54, Issue 15, Pages PL241-PL246 (1994) Shinichiro Tsugane, Yoshio Suzuki, Takahisa Kano, Masakazu Takayasu, Masato Shibuya and Kenichiro Sugita 10) The metabolic effects of oxytocin are mediated by a uterine type of receptor and are inhibited by oxytocin antagonist and by arginine vasopressin in the dog, Life Sciences, Volume 50, Issue 10, Pages 739-746 (1992) N. Altszuler, C. R. Rosenberg, B. Winkler, A. R. Fuchs, P. S. Hill and V. J. Hruby 11) Regulation of fluid intake in dogs following water deprivation, Brain Research Bulletin, Volume 27, Issues 3-4, Pages 495-499 (September-October 1991) David J. Ramsay and Terry N. Thrasher 12) Diuretics modify [Arg8]vasopressin-stimulated cAMP but not atrial natriuretic peptide-stimulated cGMP formation in renal cells, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 192, Issue 1, Pages 153-159 (3 January 1991) Kazumi Kanda, Norihiro Miyamoto, Hisao Seo, Katsuhito Ogawa, Takashi Hatano and Nobuo Matsui 13) Involvement of vasopressin in the cardiovascular effects of quinpirole, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 184, Issue 1, Pages 179-183 (2 August 1990) Christine Damase-Michel, Jean-Louis Montastruc, Marie-Antoinette Tran, Claude Gharib, Ghislaine Geelen and Paul Montastruc 14) Gradient of arginine vasopressin concentration but not angiotensin II concentration between cerebrospinal fluid of anterior 3rd ventricle and cisterna magna in dogs, Brain Research, Volume 424, Issue 1, Pages 163-168 (20 October 1987) Christa Simon-Oppermann, Stefan Eriksson, Eckhart Simon and David A. Gray 15) Effect of methadone on plasma arginine vasopressin level and urine production in conscious dogs, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 136, Issue 3, Pages 279-286 (29 April 1987) Ludo J. Hellebrekers, Jan A. Mol, Walter E. Van den Brom and Tjeerd B. Van Wimersma Greidanus 16) Endogenous vasopressin and baroreflex mechanisms, Brain Research Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 317-334 (December 1986) Sheila M. Gardiner and Terence Bennett 17) Vasoactive intestinal peptide- and peptide histidine isoleucine amide-like immunoreactivity colocalize with vasopressin-like immunoreactivity in the canine hypothalamo-neurohypophysial neuronal system, Neuroscience Letters, Volume 69, Issue 3, Pages 227-232 (12 September 1986) Hitoshi Okamura, Sadatsugu Murakami, Kenji Fukui, Kenji Uda, Keiichi Kawamoto, Seiji Kawashima, Noboru Yanaihara and Yasuhiko Ibata 18) Drinking and subsequent suppression of vasopressin is unaltered by naloxone in dogs*1, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Volume 24, Issue 4, Pages 1129-1132 (April 1986) C. E. Wade and M. M. Hunt 19) Role of antidiuretic activity in the inhibition of renin secretion by vasopressin in anesthetized dogs, Peptides, Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 91-96 (January-February 1986) Jeffrey Schwartz, Carol Ott, Orlando Morales and Ian A. Reid 20) Atrial receptors, vasopressin and blood volume in the dog, Life Sciences, Volume 36, Issue 14, Pages 1315-1330 (8 April 1985) John R. Ledsome 21) Emetic effects of centrally administered angiotensin II, arginine vasopressin and neurotensin in the dog, Peptides, Volume 6, Supplement 1, Pages 173-175 (1985) Michael Wu, R. Kent Harding, Herman Hugenholtz and John Kucharczyk 22) Antidiuretic response in conscious dogs following peroral administration of arginine vasopressin and its analogues, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 93, Issues 3-4, Pages 201-204 (30 September 1983) Hans Vilhardt and Peter Bie 23) Effects of a nonperssor analogue of vasopressin on plasma renin activity and salt and water excretion in water-loaded, anesthetized dogs, Life Sciences, Volume 31, Issue 24, Pages 2757-2763 (13 December 1982) S. A. Malayan and Ian A. Reid 24) Modulation of prostaglandin of the renal vascular action of arginne vasopressin, Prostaglandins, Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 641-656 (November 1982) Juan A. Oliver, Robert R. Sciacca, Gilbert Le Cren and Paul J. Cannon 25) Isolation of vasopressin-containing granules from the neurohypophysis of the dog, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Volume 50, Issue 2, Pages 386-389 (24 June 1961) Howard Weinstein, Sasha Malamed and Howard Sachs ------------------------------------------------------ Andreia de Paula Vieira, DVM Animal Welfare Researcher Londrina State University, Brazil __________________________________ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it! http://webhosting.yahoo.com/ps/sb/ From: IN%"billcamp@uci.net" "Bill Campbell" 26-JAN-2004 13:48:20.54 To: IN%"k9.college_napier@xtra.co.nz" "John R Lane" CC: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" Subj: Age of Vassopressin - ribonucleic acid production puppies Hi John, I've placed some of my responses to you email at the *** in the text below, plus the actual quizzes involved, with their answers, below your email. I hope this helps clear up the misunderstandings. > John R Lane wrote: > > Hi there fellow listers, > I beleive that William Campbell applied canine behaviourist is a member > of this list. *** I'm not certified by any professional or academic organization. > A couple of years ago In APDTA magazine there was a series where his dog > behavioural quizz was serialised. *** I don't recall authorizing any publication to serialize either the monthly quizzes or cases from the Pet Behavior web page. This isn't to say that I may have done so and forgotten.:-)) Since the web site is protected from such by international copyright law, I'll put the url here so those who may be interested can check it out. http://www.webtrail.com/petbehavior > One of these questions was in regard to the age of reliability of night house > training of young pups. The answer postulated that the production of the antidiuretic hormone Vassporessin > ( I hope I have the spelling right) which aids in a pups ability to last a night > reliably without having to urinate doesn't occur in sufficient quantities till > approximately six months of age. *** As below, this referred to cns rna turn-over rate, not vasopressin. The source for the rna was in Recent Advances in Biopsychiatry, Himwich, H., et.al., circa 1970s. *** As for the vasopressin query, I think Andreia provided some fantastic citations. > > I accepted this at face value at the time but because I now want a deeper > understanding of the actual mechanics of this process I have since done a search of > many of my references both on the web and in reference book/papers sources and > asked veterinary associates to reference more info on this subject. I have up till > this point been unable to find mention of this type time frame. > > If you are here Mr campbell would you please provide me with references or reasons > for this hypothesis or can anyone please cite reference material on the mechanics > of the actions and time frame of production of this hormone in canines? > > Regards John L. > New Zealand > -0- November 2001 Quiz Why don't healthy puppies and adult dogs who sleep on their owners' beds urinate during the night? A. Their mother taught them not to mess in their litter's sleeping place. B. A hormone controls urine production during sleep. C. They did it as puppies, but didn't like getting wet, so they stopped it themselves. Answer: B. Puppies and adult dogs, when they sleep, produce a hormone called vasopressin. This dandy bio-chemical, manufactured in the hypothalamus of the dog's brain, goes to work as an antidiuretic, i.e., it suppresses the secretion of urine, so the dog doesn't wake up with a bursting bladder. This is the reason you should feed your puppy or adult dog before, not after, taking them out for their morning duties. This schedule will help establish a bio-rhythm for morning elimination after being fed. -0- July, 2001 Behavior Quiz Your 4 month old puppy is beginning to strike you as a real "dummy." You keep having to re-teach things like "sit" and "stay" which he seemed previously to have learned quite well? A. He more easily distracted than adult dogs. B. He's always hungry. C. His brain's "memory" chemistry hasn't matured. D. He haven't been taught with enough intensity. Answer: C. Although puppies can learn very quickly, just like young humans, their retention of things learned which require long-term memory doesn't mature until they are about 22 weeks old. This is because their brain doesn't reach adult levels of turnover of RNA (ribonucleic acid) until just before they reach 6 months of age. Hence, your 4-month old pup needs patience and must be re-taught many of life's lessons that require "consciously," or intellectually, remembering what to do when told to perform something, such as "Sit." However, this is not strictly true for "emotional" memories, such as experiences which cause extreme fear or joy. These memories appear to become stored in the brain's "unconscious" emotional memory centers. From a standpoint of self-preservation, this makes "natural" sense. This is why punishing puppies by shaking them or otherwise threatening their physical well-being is unwise. It may well induce anxieties, even fear or defensive-aggression, later in life. Early physical punishment in puppies is common in the history of many puppies who start wetting submissively when approached by their owners and/or strangers. -0- From: IN%"oryctolagus@earthlink.net" "h.m." 26-JAN-2004 23:30:15.73 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: rabbit lined up stackable baby cups (working link) Subject: Rabbit lined up stackable baby cups My 12-18 month old rabbit, Inky, has a set of those stackable plastic baby cups. Since rabbits are very fond of fitting their food dish into their water dish and collecting all their toys into their water dish, I put these all over his play area to see what eventually he might do. I was hoping he might end up stacking 3 of them. Instead, I walked in to discover that he had lined them up. Now, to do this he had to carry them from all over (from behind the wicker tent, under a fleece blanket etc.) and line them up. Not only that, but the cups are lined up big cup, small one, big, small etc. It is very amazing. It took him a lot of work to get this done, to space them and line them up. http://community.webshots.com/photo/71753495/113130758uASTST It took many years of experiments for folks to recognize how smart Alex the gray parrot is - house rabbits are showing owners that they are exceedingly smart. I thought that this line up of the plastic cups, which took a lot of work, was amazing. He can't see well close up and can probably only see greens and blues well - so this was all done by weight/feel and touch. If you consider a rabbit's color vision, it might be possible that he sorted them by color or value even. It is a coincidence I suppose that the red and orange cups are next to the wooden orange carrot flavored stick? From: IN%"isae2004@isae2004.org" "ISAE 2004 Anna Valros" 29-JAN-2004 01:15:53.96 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: ISAE2004-abstract DL Feb. 2nd Dear Applied-Ethologist! The ISAE (International Society for Applied Ethology) 2004 -congress will be organised in Helsinki, Finland August 3-7 2004. The main topics include Feeding and foraging behaviour, Environmental enrichment and Behaviour, health and production. We also welcome free papers. The deadline for abstract submission is February 2. 2004, i.e. next Monday. So there is still to submit your abstracts! Registration will open within the next few days. Please visit our webpage www.isae2004.org to find out more about the congress. We offer eight differet workshops on relevant topics and excursions to scientificacally and culturally interesting sites in Finland. On behalf of the ISAE - organisers, Anna *********************************************************************** Anna Valros, PhD Congress secretary / ISAE 2004 (www.isae2004.org) Research Centre for Animal Welfare Faculty of Veterinary Medicine P.O. Box 57 00014 University of Helsinki Finland Phone: +358 9 19149508 Fax: +358 9 19149799 isae2004@isae2004.org ************************************************************************ From: IN%"pajor@purdue.edu" "Pajor, Edmond A." 29-JAN-2004 17:15:33.16 To: IN%"ISAEnet-l@usask.ca", IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: North American ISAE meeting This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --Boundary_(ID_v0vrOQQukApBfKyyxBxyOA) Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Attached is the first notice for this summer's North-American regional ISAE meeting Dr. Ed Pajor. 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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAAGAFAAAAAAAA AQBDAG8AbQBwAE8AYgBqAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABIAAgD///////////////8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAagAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAP///////////////wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEA/v8DCgAA/////wYJAgAAAAAAwAAAAAAAAEYYAAAA TWljcm9zb2Z0IFdvcmQgRG9jdW1lbnQACgAAAE1TV29yZERvYwAQAAAAV29yZC5E b2N1bWVudC44APQ5snEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA /v8AAAUAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAAALVzdWcLhsQk5cIACss+a5EAAAA BdXN1ZwuGxCTlwgAKyz5rmgBAAAkAQAADAAAAAEAAABoAAAADwAAAHAAAAAFAAAA lAAAAAYAAACcAAAAEQAAAKQAAAAXAAAArAAAAAsAAAC0AAAAEAAAALwAAAATAAAA xAAAABYAAADMAAAADQAAANQAAAAMAAAABQEAAAIAAADkBAAAHgAAABoAAABFLkMu IEJlcmdlcm9uIGV0IGFzc29jaelzAFBhAwAAACYAAAADAAAACgAAAAMAAAA2FQAA AwAAAHsQCgALAAAAAAAAAAsAAAAAAAAACwAAAAAAAAALAAAAAAAAAB4QAAABAAAA JQAAAE5vcnRoIEFtZXJpY2FuIElTQUUgUmVnaW9uYWwgTWVldGluZwAMEAAAAgAA AB4AAAAGAAAAVGl0bGUAAwAAAAEAAAAA+AMAAAgAAAAAAAAASAAAAAEAAADsAAAA --Boundary_(ID_v0vrOQQukApBfKyyxBxyOA)-- From: IN%"saluqi@ix.netcom.com" "John Burchard" 29-JAN-2004 20:42:30.81 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" "Applied ethology list" CC: Subj: RE: Age of Vassopressin production John R Lane wrote: > > Hi there fellow listers, > I beleive that William Campbell applied canine behaviourist is a > member of this list. > > A couple of years ago In APDTA magazine there was a series where his dog > behavioural quizz was serialised. > > One of these questions was in regard to the age of reliability of night house > training of young pups. > > The answer postulated that the production of the antidiuretic hormone > Vassporessin ( I hope I have the spelling right) which aids in a pups ability > to last a night reliably without having to urinate doesn't occur in sufficient > quantities till approximately six months of age. > > I accepted this at face value at the time but because I now want a deeper > understanding of the actual mechanics of this process I have since done a > search of many of my references both on the web and in reference book/papers > sources and asked veterinary associates to reference more info on this > subject. I have up till this point been unable to find mention of this type > time frame. > > If you are here Mr campbell would you please provide me with references or > reasons for this hypothesis or can anyone please cite reference material on > the mechanics of the actions and time frame of production of this hormone in > canines? I would like to add here only that very young Saluki pups, raised in a tent where they can go outside whenever they want to, are reliably house-clean by the age of about five weeks, in the sense that if they need to go outside they will tell you about it. If you shut them in a crate for eight hours at night, of course they can't help it; but the behavioral control is there much sooner than everyone thinks. I think in fact that most of us miss the boat on this because - by assuming that a very young pup has no control - we don't even begin to think about house training until the "sensitive period" (for deciding what is your den and what is not ) is long gone by. By the time we begin "training" they have become accustomed to eliminating indoors (because they had no choice) so we are really trying to change an established habit rather than setting one up de novo. Re: vasopressin aka ADH, consider that a pup can manage its electrolyte and water balance physiologically long before the age of six months! I have no doubt that other parameters are involved besides vasopressin levels. Bladder capacity and kidney perfusion rate, for example . John -- Dr. John Burchard Tepe Gawra Salukis http://saluqi.home.netcom.com/ saluqi@ix.netcom.com From: IN%"isae2004@isae2004.org" "ISAE 2004 Anna Valros" 30-JAN-2004 09:43:26.85 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca", IN%"isaenet-l@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: ISAE2004 - registration is now open! Dear Applied-Ethologists, WE HAVE NOW OPENED THE REGISTRATION FOR THE ISAE 2004 -CONGRESS. PLEASE, VISIT OUR WEBSITE (WWW.ISAE2004.ORG) FOR THE LATEST DETAILS ON WORKSHOPS, EXCURSIONS, ACCOMODATION AND MORE! The deadline for abstract submission is February 2. 2004, i.e. next Monday. So there is still time to submit your abstracts! WE LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING YOU IN HELSINKI IN AUGUST! The ISAE (International Society for Applied Ethology) 2004 -congress will be organised in Helsinki, Finland August 3-7 2004. The main topics include Feeding and foraging behaviour, Environmental enrichment and Behaviour, health and production. We also welcome free papers. Please visit our webpage www.isae2004.org to find out more about the congress. We offer eight differet workshops on relevant topics and excursions to scientificacally and culturally interesting sites in Finland. On behalf of the ISAE - organisers, Anna *********************************************************************** Anna Valros, PhD Congress secretary / ISAE 2004 (www.isae2004.org) Research Centre for Animal Welfare Faculty of Veterinary Medicine P.O. Box 57 00014 University of Helsinki Finland Phone: +358 9 19149508 Fax: +358 9 19149799 isae2004@isae2004.org ************************************************************************ From: IN%"dorrit.ltd@gmx.de" "Dorit" 30-JAN-2004 15:43:44.33 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RubberRingCastration Dear all, calfing season is coming again soon and so is the old debate wether to castrate the bull calves with rubber rings at birth or to go for the surgical option at weaning. What makes me wonder is the fact that castrating with rubber rings is illegal in Germany, but not here in the UK where welfare is generally highly considered. Only because newborn calves do not complain a lot when eartagged and ringed does not mean the impact it really does have on them is not servere. Can anyone advise me on the least traumatic method of turning male calves into steers? Dorit Albertsen