From: IN%"margory@dnai.com" "margory cohen" 15-SEP-2002 18:29:57.34 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: formal study of dog teaching dog? Hello - I know it's the obvious; still, wonder if there is science to it also: Is there a site or 2 that documents dogs learning from/teaching another dog(s)? -margory cohen From: IN%"sgupta@grange.teagasc.ie" "Sandeep Gupta" 16-SEP-2002 07:44:40.21 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: Social regrouping of bull Hi All, I am looking for literature and individuals experiences for social regrouping (RG) and its consequences among bulls. I have few questions in mind: The best way to measure the levels of stress (by physiological and behavioural parameters) due to RG is: By changing all the partners in a group every after 2 or 3 week for 3 or 4 times (I.e. by completely disrupting the social bond in a established group for 3 or 4 times) OR by introducing strangers (may be 1 or 2 or 3) in a established group? I would like to say thanks in advance for your kind suggestions in this regards. Sandeep _____________________________________________ Sandeep Gupta Animal Health and Welfare Department Teagasc Grange Research Centre Dunsany Co. Meath Ireland Phone: ++353-46-26700 (Main reception) Fax: ++353-46-26154 Email: sgupta@grange.teagasc.ie Email: sk7g@rediffmail.com _______________________________________________________ From: IN%"jon.watts@usask.ca" "Jon Watts" 17-SEP-2002 08:58:52.87 To: IN%"applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: NEW JOURNAL - Evolutionary Psychology: An International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior (fwd) This looks interesting. Just thought I'd pass it on. Lots of big brains on the editorial board anyhow... Jon Jon Watts PhD Animal Behaviour Laboratory Western College of Veterinary Medicine University of Saskatchewan ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2002 08:00:28 -0500 From: Ian Pitchford To: ETHOLOGY@SEGATE.SUNET.SE Subject: NEW JOURNAL - Evolutionary Psychology: An International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior Please forward this message to your colleagues. *Introduction Evolutionary Psychology: An International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior ISSN 1474-7049 ___________________ We are pleased to announce the launch of a new peer-reviewed journal, 'Evolutionary Psychology: An International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior' The journal enjoys extraordinarily broad support from distinguished members of the international academic community and has been established to promote open access to excellent empirical, theoretical, historical, and philosophical work in this important domain of investigation. We believe that free access to material of the highest quality will nurture informed debate and sustain a broader foundation of interest and inquiry. We will welcome work from any relevant discipline, and will be keen to encourage submissions capable of integrating the proximal, developmental, functional and evolutionary approaches. We are particularly interested in fostering communication between experimental and theoretical work, on the one hand, and historical, conceptual and interdisciplinary writings across the whole range of the biomedical and human sciences, on the other. We also wish to encourage reflective and exploratory contributions and essay reviews on books which merit extensive treatment. Open peer commentary will be available for papers where appropriate. All material accepted for publication will be freely available on the journal's web site, the URL of which will be announced shortly. Our existing web site consistently ranks in the top 3000 most popular sites and will provide an excellent base for the journal. *Open Access In debates about scientific publishing over recent years it has been noted many times that the authors of articles for peer-reviewed journals write primarily for 'research impact'. Unfortunately, established practices, which involve transferring copyright to journal publishers, often achieve precisely the opposite of impact. Many worthy papers appear in small-circulation journals where they languish unnoticed by all but a few who could profit from the ideas they contain. Many specialist journals have fewer than 1000 subscribers, and even very popular journals fewer than 5000. Of course, since the advent of the Internet, and especially the world wide web, access to information has been transformed, but many of the old barriers remain in place. Although many newspapers make their content freely available, the cost of a journal article published online by a traditional publisher can be more than the price of a textbook, and some publishers do not allow access to individual papers without a full subscription to the print journal. Stevan Harnad notes that: 'There are currently at least 20,000 refereed journals across all fields of scholarship, publishing more than 2 million refereed articles each year. The amount collectively paid by those of the world's institutions which can afford the tolls for just one of those refereed papers averages $2,000 per paper. In exchange for that fee, that particular paper is accessible to readers at those, and only those, paying institutions'. However, as Harnad points out, with the advent of online communities served by electronic journals, 'Learned inquiry, always communal and cumulative, will not only be immeasurably better informed, new findings percolating through minds and media almost instantaneously, but it will also become incomparably more interactive'. In his article 'Is your journal really necessary?' Declan Butler of Nature writes: 'The possibilities of sophisticated matching of personalized editorial selections across large swathes of the literature, and the need to lower barriers to access, should in themselves be sufficient to convince scientists tempted to create low-circulation print journals to consider web-only options. Arguments that electronic-only will hinder access of developing countries to science is nonsense. The reality is that a library in Kinshasa would be lucky if it could afford to subscribe to a handful of print journals; the web promises developing countries access to scientific information they could previously only have dreamed of. But the essential function of a journal is to serve a particular community. The next web revolution will be a plethora of next-generation communities linking papers, people and data. So next time you think about launching a print journal, unless you have sufficient readership to survive in a free competitive market, do your colleagues and science a favor by considering instead what your community needs, and launch the answer online. I predict that this change will occur in under five years; if I am wrong, I will eat my journal'. *Join Us We encourage you to join our thriving online community and the distinguished members of our editorial board to support this important endeavor. *Submissions: Material for the journal should be submitted to the editor electronically at ian.pitchford@scientist.com Word processed documents should be in RTF - RICH TEXT FORMAT. *Peer review All submissions will be subject to stringent peer review. *Guidelines for authors: Authors are encouraged to use APA style http://www.wooster.edu/psychology/apa-crib.html http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_apa.html *Copyright The copyright of all items published by the journal will remain with the authors. *Further information from: Ian Pitchford PhD CBiol MIBiol The Human Nature Review http://human-nature.com/ Department of Psychiatry Creighton University School of Medicine 3528 Dodge Street Omaha, NE 68131, USA Tel: 402.345.8828 Fax: 402.345.8815 http://medicine.creighton.edu/ *References Butler, D. (2000). Is your journal really necessary? Nature, 407, 291. Harnad, S. (1998). On-line journals and financial fire walls. Nature, 395, 127-128. Harnad, S. (2001). The self-archiving initiative. Nature, 410, 1024-1025. ______________ *EDITORIAL BOARD Evolutionary Psychology: An International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior *EDITOR: Ian Pitchford BSc (Open) BSc (Hons) MA PhD CBiol MIBiol Department of Psychiatry, Creighton University 3528 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68131, USA. Email: ian.pitchford@scientist.com *BOARD MEMBERS John Archer Professor of Psychology University of Central Lancashire, UK Email: jarcher@uclan.ac.uk Larry Arnhart Professor of Political Science Northern Illinois University Email: TI0LEA1@wpo.cso.niu.edu Jerome H. Barkow Professor, Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology Dalhousie University, Canada Email: j.h.barkow@dal.ca Simon Baron-Cohen Professor of Developmental Psychopathology Departments of Experimental Psychology and Psychiatry University of Cambridge, UK Email: sb205@cus.cam.ac.uk Paul Barrett Chief Psychologist Mariner7 Ltd. Auckland,New Zealand Honorary Senior Research Fellow: University of Liverpool (UK), Dept. of Clinical Psychology University of Auckland (NZ), Dept. of Psychology University of Canterbury (NZ), Dept. of Psychology Email: p.barrett@liverpool.ac.uk Patrick Bateson Professor of Ethology University of Cambridge, UK Biological Secretary, The Royal Society Email: ppgb@cam.ac.uk Robert C. Berwick Professor of Computational Linguistics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Email: berwick@ai.mit.edu Laura L. Betzig Museum of Zoology University of Michigan Email: lbetzig@aol.com Sue Blackmore Reader in Psychology University of the West of England Email: sjb_ac@hotmail.com James Blair Senior Lecturer, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience University College London, UK Email: j.blair@ucl.ac.uk Bj=F6rn Brembs Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy The University of Texas-Houston Medical School Email: bjoern@brembs.net Gordon M. Burghardt Alumni Distinguished Service Professor Psychology and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee Email: gburghar@utk.edu David M. Buss Professor of Psychology University of Texas Email: dbuss@psy.utexas.edu Brian Butterworth Professor of Cognitive Neuropsychology Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience University College London, UK Email: b.butterworth@ucl.ac.uk Richard W. Byrne Professor of Evolutionary Psychology University of St Andrews Email: rwb@st-andrews.ac.uk Peter Carruthers Professor of Philosophy University of Maryland, College Park Email: pc154@umail.umd.edu Napoleon Chagnon Professor Emeritus of Anthropology University of California Santa Barbara Email: chagnonn@traverse.net James S. Chisholm Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy and Human Biology University of Western Australia Email: jchisholm@anhb.uwa.edu.au Jae C. Choe School of Biological Sciences Seoul National University Email: jcchoe@snu.ac.kr Noam Chomsky Institute Professor; Professor of Linguistics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Email: chomsky@mit.edu Roger Cooter Professor of Social History Director, Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine University of East Anglia, UK Email: r.cooter@uea.ac.uk Helena Cronin Co-Director, Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science London School of Economics, UK Email: h.cronin@lse.ac.uk Frans B. M. de Waal C. H. Candler Professor, Psychology Department Director of the Living Links Center Emory University Email: dewaal@emory.edu Daniel C. Dennett Director, Center for Cognitive Studies Tufts University Email: ddennett@tufts.edu M. Catherine Desoto Assistant Professor of Psychology University of Northern Iowa Email: cathy.desoto@uni.edu Merlin W. Donald Professor of Psychology, Queen's University, Canada Email: donaldm@psyc.queensu.ca Robin Dunbar Professor of Evolutionary Psychology University of Liverpool, UK Email: rimd@liverpool.ac.uk John Dupr=E9 Professor of Philosophy of Science Director, Centre for the Philosophy of the Social Sciences Department of Sociology, University of Exeter, UK Email: j.a.dupre@exeter.ac.uk Denis Dutton Professor, Philosophy of Art University of Canterbury, New Zealand Email: constant.force@netaccess.co.nz Nancy Etcoff Clinical Instructor in Psychology in the Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Email: etcoff@mediaone.net Dylan Evans Department of Philosophy King's College London Email: dylan.evans@kcl.ac.uk Helen E. Fisher Research Professor, Department of Anthropology Rutgers University Email: hefisher@worldnet.att.net Mark Flinn Associate Professor of Anthropology University of Missouri Email: flinnM@missouri.edu Francis Fukuyama Hirst Professor of Public Policy George Mason University Email: ffukuyam@gmu.edu Russell Gardner Clinical Professor of Psychiatry Wisconsin Medical College Chairman, Psychotherapy Section, World Psychiatric Association Email: rgj999@yahoo.com David C. Geary Middlebush Professor of Psychological Sciences University of Missouri Email: gearyD@missouri.edu Paul Gilbert Professor, Mental Health Research Unit Kingsway Hospital, Derby, UK Email: p.gilbert@derby.ac.uk Herbert Gintis Professor of Economics University of Massachusetts Email: hgintis@mediaone.net Kalman Glantz Psychotherapist Cambridge, US Email: kglantz@channel1.com Ursula W. Goodenough Professor, Department of Biology Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Washington University Email: ursula@biosgi.wustl.edu Harold Gouzoules Professor of Psychology Emory University Email: psyhg@emory.edu Karl Grammer Director, Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Urban Ethology Institute for Human Biology, University of Vienna, Austria Email: karl.grammer@univie.ac.at Toshikazu Hasegawa Professor, Department of Psychology University of Tokyo, Japan Email: thase@darwin.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp Marc D. Hauser Professor of Psychology Harvard University Email: hauser@wjh.harvard.edu Elizabeth M. Hill Associate Professor of Psychology University of Detroit Mercy Email: hillelm@udmercy.edu Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa School of Political and Economic Science Waseda University, Japan Email: marikoh@mn.waseda.ac.jp Lawrence A. Hirschfeld Associate Professor, Anthropology and Psychology University of Michigan Email: lhirsch@umich.edu Ralph L. Holloway Professor of Anthropology Columbia University Email: rlh2@columbia.edu David L. Hull Professor of Philosophy Northwestern University Email: d-hull@northwestern.edu Nicholas Humphrey Professor, Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science London School of Economics, UK Email: n.humphrey@lse.ac.uk James R. Hurford Professor, Language Evolution and Computation Research Unit Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics University of Edinburgh, UK Email: jim@ling.ed.ac.uk Timo Jarvilehto Professor of Psychology University of Oulu, Finland Email: tjarvile@ktk.oulu.fi Daniel Jones Editor, Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics London, UK Email: danjones@mistral.co.uk Owen D. Jones Professor of Law Arizona State University Email: owen.jones@asu.edu Annette Karmiloff-Smith Professor, Neurocognitive Development Unit Institute of Child Health, London, UK Email: a.karmiloff-smith@ich.ucl.ac.uk Donald F. Klein Professor of Psychiatry Columbia University Director of Psychiatric Research and of the Department of Therapeutics New York State Psychiatric Institute Email: donaldk737@aol.com Diana Kornbrot Reader in Mathematical Psychology Associate Dean Research, Faculty of Health & Human Sciences University of Hertfordshire, UK Email: d.e.kornbrot@herts.ac.uk Roger D. Masters Professor of Government, Emeritus President, Foundation for Neuroscience and Society Dartmouth College Email: roger.d.masters@dartmouth.edu Michael E. Mills Associate Professor, Psychology Department Loyola Marymount University Email: memills@aol.com Steven Mithen Professor of Archaeology University of Reading, UK Email: s.j.mithen@reading.ac.uk P=E9ter Moln=E1r Professor and Chair, Department of Behavioral Sciences Medical and Health Science Center University of Debrecen, Hungary Email: pmolnar@jaguar.dote.hu Jaak Panksepp Distinguished Research Professor Emeritus of Psychology Bowling Green State University Email: jpankse@bgnet.bgsu.edu David Papineau Professor of Philosophy King's College, London, UK Email: david.papineau@kcl.ac.uk Michael Peters Professor, Neuropsychology University of Guelph, Canada Email: mpeters@uoguelph.ca Steven Pinker Peter de Florez Professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Email: steve@psyche.mit.edu Henry Plotkin Professor of Psychobiology University College, London, UK Email: h.plotkin@ucl.ac.uk John S. Price Consultant Psychiatrist, UK Email: john.price@lycosmail.com Robert J. Richards Director, Fishbein Center For History of Science University of Chicago Email: r-richards@uchicago.edu Peter J. Richerson Professor, Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California--Davis Email: pjricherson@ucdavis.edu Paul H. Rubin Professor of Economics and Law Emory University Email: prubin@gnt.net Michael Ruse Professor of Philosophy Florida State University Email: mruse@mailer.fsu.edu Ullica Segerstr=E5le Professor of Sociology Illinois Institute of Technology Email: segerstrale@iit.edu Irwin Silverman Professor of Psychology York University, Canada Email: isilv@yorku.ca Peter Singer DeCamp Professor of Bioethics University Center for Human Values Princeton University Email: psinger@princeton.edu Devendra Singh Professor, Department of Psychology University of Texas Email: singh@psy.utexas.edu David L. Smith Director, The New England Institute University of New England Email: dsmith06@maine.rr.com Euclid O. (Neal) Smith Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology Emory University Email: eosmith@emory.edu Elliott Sober Hans Reichenbach Professor and Henry Vilas Research Professor Department of Philosophy University of Wisconsin Email: ersober@facstaff.wisc.edu Dan Sperber Director of Research, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut Jean Nicod (CNRS et EHESS), Paris, France Email: dan@sperber.com Stephen P. Stich Board of Governors Professor Department of Philosophy & Center for Cognitive Science Rutgers University Email: stich@ruccs.rutgers.edu Kristiaan Thienpont Lecturer, Department of Population Sciences University of Ghent, Belgium Email: kristiaan.thienpont@rug.ac.be Lionel Tiger Darwin Professor of Anthropology Rutgers University Email: ltiger@prodigy.net Maurizio Tirassa Associate Professor of Psychology Centro di Scienza Cognitiva Universit=E1 di Torino, Italy Email: tirassa@psych.unito.it Robert L. Trivers Professor of Anthropology and Biological Sciences Rutgers University Email: trivers@rci.rutgers.edu Claus Wedekind Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology University of Edinburgh Lecturer, Faculty of Science University of Bern, Switzerland Email: claus.wedekind@ed.ac.uk Fredric Weizmann Professor of Psychology York University, Canada Email: weizmann@yorku.ca Henry M Wellman Professor of Psychology Center for Human Growth and Development University of Michigan Email: hmw@umich.edu Daniel R. Wilson Professor of Psychiatry and Professor of Anthropology Creighton University Email: wilson@creighton.edu William Wimsatt Professor, Department of Philosophy Committee on Evolutionary Biology Committee on the Conceptual Foundations of Science Fishbein Center for the History of Biology and Medicine University Of Chicago Email: wwim@midway.uchicago.edu *ASSOCIATE EDITOR Robert Maxwell Young Professor Emeritus of Psychotherapy & Psychoanalytic Studies Centre for Psychotherapeutic Studies, University of Sheffield, UK Co-Director, Bulgarian Institute of Human Relations Honored Professor, New Bulgarian University, Sofia Email: robert@rmy1.demon.co.uk From: IN%"Gerflannigan@aol.com" 17-SEP-2002 10:46:53.88 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: formal study of dog teaching dog? In a message dated 9/15/2002 7:33:04 PM Central Daylight Time, margory@dnai.com writes: > Hello - > I know it's the obvious; still, wonder if there is science to it also: > Is there a site or 2 that documents dogs learning from/teaching another > dog(s)? > -margory cohen This is called observational learning. In dogs, appears to be more common in young dogs and not shown in adult dog (experimentally). Try: Alder and Alder (1977). Ontogeny of observational learning in the dog (Canis familiars). Dev. Psychobiol., 10:267-280. Slabbert and Rasa (1997). Observational learning of an acquired maternal behaviour pattern by working dog pups: An alternative method? Applied Animal Behavior Science. 53:309-316. Hope this helps, Gerry _________________________________________________________________ Gerrard Flannigan DVM, MSc Carolina Veterinary Specialists Greensboro/Charlotte, North Carolina 336-632-0605 (Voice) 336-632-0703 (Fax) gerflannigan@aol.com From: IN%"Shetts@aol.com" 17-SEP-2002 14:44:21.71 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: formal study of dog teaching dog? In a message dated 09/17/2002 10:49:05 AM Mountain Daylight Time, Gerflannigan@aol.com writes: > I know it's the obvious; still, wonder if there is science to it also: > > Is there a site or 2 that documents dogs learning from/teaching another > > dog(s)? > > -margory cohen > > This is called observational learning. Great references - thanks for providing them. The other issue is of course depending on what the exact question/behavior Ms. Cohen has in mind, are the related concepts of social facilitation and stimulus enhancement which sometimes confuse things SH Suzanne Hetts, Ph.D. Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist Animal Behavior Associates, Inc. Littleton, CO www.animalbehaviorassociates.com From: IN%"margory@dnai.com" "margory cohen" 17-SEP-2002 23:00:33.39 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: RE: formal study of dog teaching dog? margory replied: Please excuse mine writing above Ms. Hetts; email programming; beyond my control. I do write with thanks publicly and have done privately for cites and comments; and again, to Dr. Flannigan publicly. Presently, I'm not sure where this is leading me. Originally, I was inspired thru conversations with trainer friends in discussions of personal observations of dogs who learn from and/or imitate one another. Invariably, on certain topics, I can't not wonder "what does Science say?," (even tho I frequently am frustrated by Science and Bureaucracy); still, here, in this forum, I am always obliged for generous and provactive replies. Meaningful for me, this, who seems to carpetbag in a variety of worlds where Dog lives. I know there is some popular training writing that states (boldly- and I think erroneously) that dogs don't learn from each other; I also know, again amongst the popular books, various forms of explanation to all this. I think I'll know better after I'm able to read further in this current line of thought how and what myth and superstitition I might be able to address. And hope I may come back. Thank you for time and replies. -margory --and to Suzanne Hetts for still more study terms/concepts. ----- Original Message ----- Suzanne Hetts Sent: Tuesday, September 17, 2002 1:43 PM Great references - thanks for providing them. The other issue is of course depending on what the exact question/behavior Ms. Cohen has in mind, are the related concepts of social facilitation and stimulus enhancement which sometimes confuse things SH Suzanne Hetts, Ph.D. From: IN%"wickens@ufaw.org.uk" "Stephen Wickens" 19-SEP-2002 05:51:09.00 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: New award, the UFAW 'Tesco' Award, launched to promote public understanding of animal welfare science New award, the UFAW 'Tesco' Award, launched to promote public understanding of animal welfare science The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) is working with Tesco to launch a new £1000 prize for the piece of published or broadcast work which best communicates to a wide audience the importance and value of animal welfare research. Animal welfare has become a matter of great public concern, and not infrequently, public controversy. Society expects high standards. Public attitudes to the welfare needs of animals however are often based more on emotion than on science. Both the processes and the findings of animal welfare research are not always well communicated outside the scientific and technical community. Both are also often poorly appreciated by the public. UFAW and Tesco are working together to promote better understanding of animal welfare science through this new award: Promoting Public Understanding of Animal Welfare Science: The UFAW 'Tesco' Award. The prize will be awarded for the best piece of work in the English language, which conveys the important contribution of the scientific approach to understanding animal welfare issues. Subjects could include research with companion, zoo or wild animals or any animal used in our service. How can science help us to understand such animals' needs? How can it help us to be sure that we are doing the best for animal welfare? How can it help us to determine when things are going wrong? Applicants may submit copies of either i) articles published or ii) material broadcast during the year preceding the deadline for receipt of application, which is 15th November 2002. Application forms are available on application to: The Secretary, UFAW, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire AL4 8AN, UK. Tel: 01582 831818 Email: ufaw@ufaw.org.uk. From: IN%"Andrew.Fisher@csiro.au" 19-SEP-2002 17:11:36.37 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: (Re)-Introduction: Andrew Fisher Dear Applied Ethology List Members I am introducing myself as I have just re-subscribed to the List after returning to Australia to take up a new position. I am working for the CSIRO at the McMaster Laboratory in Armidale, where I have been recruited to initiate a research program on issues of livestock stress and welfare, heading a small project team that is being created to conduct research in this area. I look forward to discussions with you. Andrew Andrew Fisher CSIRO FD McMaster Laboratory Chiswick Locked Bag 1 Armidale NSW 2350 Australia Ph +61 2 6776 1435 Fax +61 6776 1333 Andrew.Fisher@csiro.au From: IN%"nwresearch@sstar.com.au" "nwresearch" 25-SEP-2002 23:13:36.61 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" CC: Subj: Trial By Nature Dear All My name is Pat McInerney I work for a company in Sydney called Southern Star. I am currently researching a documentary series called Trial By Nature which will go into production early next year. I am looking for true crime stories where animals have been implicated. For example where an animal (through an Animal Behaviorist) has been able to provide clues to a crime or has been able to prove innocence or guilt of a human. See example below. We are currently searching the globe for stories and we are willing to travel to any country where we may find a good story. Any information or ideas of who I should be contacting would be very helpful. Example Case: Woman shoots husband. Claims she was trying to shoot a wolf, but husband got in the way. Wolf expert gives excuse for wolf behavior i.e. no wolf has ever been seen near her property etc..snow around should have footprints etc..no evidence etc..Woman convicted. Kind regards Patrick McInerney Researcher Southern Star Productions Level 9, 8 West St North Sydney NSW 2060 Australia Ph. 61 (0)2 9202 8572 fx. 61 (0)2 9955 8302 From: IN%"jeanpascal.guery@free.fr" "Jean-Pascal Guery" 27-SEP-2002 12:19:05.22 To: IN%"Applied-ethology@sask.usask.ca" "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?ML_=E9tho_appliqu=E9e?=" CC: Subj: Adresses Dear listmembers, Could some of you give me the Frans de Waal and Frans Lanting personnal or professional e-mail(s)? Thanks in advance, jeanpascal.guery@free.fr associationpaniscus@free.fr