Does more space mean a more enriched environment?

Nancy J. Fiscus and W. Ray Stricklin, University of Maryland, College Park, MD

For captive animals, an increased quantity of space does not necessarily mean a more enriched environment because space has both quantitative and qualitative aspects. The quantity of space should be sufficient for an animal to perform given behaviors and to have adequate personal distance between animals. However, the most efficient design does not have more space than will be utilized. The spatial quality of an enclosure can be improved by increasing the complexity of the environment and the control that the animal has over its environment, and through modification of features of the enclosure such as the amount of perimeter, enclosure shape, and location and availability of resources within the enclosure. Defining appropriate space requirements for animals should address both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of space.